"Supplements" - Vitamin D May Lower Pancreatic Cancer Risk | Forbes
"Individuals in the highest levels of consumption of vitamin D had a greater than 40 percent reduction in their risk of pancreatic cancer," said study co-author Dr. Charles S. Fuchs, an associate professor and medical oncologist with the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, in Boston.
"We really have been struggling to find effective measures of prevention, so we are very excited by this effort," he added.
Fuchs' team presented their findings in the September issue of Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention.
The researchers note that pancreatic cancer is currently the fourth-leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Because the disease often is detected relatively late, survival is very low. According to the American Cancer Society, 32,000 new cases of this silent killer will be diagnosed this year, and a similar number of Americans will die of the disease.
There is no known cure or effective treatment, and to date no specific environmental or dietary practices other than smoking have been cited as a contributing factors for pancreatic cancer.
In their study, the researchers analyzed data from two long-term national studies. One study was launched in 1976 and the other in 1986. Both assessed dietary intake among more than 75,000 female registered nurses and almost 47,000 male health professionals, respectively.
The men were between the ages of 40 and 75, while the women were between 38 and 65. Beginning in the mid-1980s, participants completed food-consumption questionnaires every other year through to 2000. Vitamin use, smoking and diabetes status, and cancer history were also tracked over the study period. Exposure to sun -- a major source of daily vitamin D -- was not reviewed.
Over the course of the study, 178 women and 187 men were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
Vitamin D intake seemed to be related to pancreatic cancer risk, the researchers found.
Compared to individuals who took in less than 150 International Units (IUs) of vitamin D per day, those who consumed between 150 to 299 IUs of the vitamin had a 22 percent reduced risk for pancreatic malignancy, and those who consumed between 300-449 IUs/day cut their risk by 43 percent.
The current U.S. recommended daily allowance (RDA) for vitamin D is 400 IUs per day.
Taking in more than 400 IUs per day of vitamin D did not result in a further lowering of risk, the researchers found.
Neither body mass index nor smoking history had any impact on vitamin D's association with a reduced pancreatic cancer risk. As well, where a person lived -- in the sunny south or the less-sunny north -- had no effect on vitamin D's impact on pancreatic cancer risk.
Older, more physically active, nonsmoking men and women were more likely to consume higher doses of vitamin D, the researchers noted, and almost everyone who placed in the highest level of vitamin D intake took a daily multivitamin.
In terms of food, skim milk was the most common source of vitamin D, providing 19 percent of vitamin D dietary consumption for both men and women. Fish provided another 14 percent of the vitamin among the men and 8 percent among the women.
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